Blog

What Are Incoterms®? Incoterms® (International Commercial Terms) are internationally recognized trade rules published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). They define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international transactions. Incoterms® clarify which party is responsible for transportation, insurance, export procedures, import procedures, costs, and the transfer of risk during the shipment of goods. …

Read more “Incoterms® 2020 Explained: Choosing the Right Trade Term for International Shipping”

What Is a CMR Consignment Note? A CMR Consignment Note is the standard transport document used for international road freight under the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR). It records the details of the shipment, identifies the parties involved, and serves as evidence of the contract of carriage …

Read more “CMR Consignment Note: Complete Guide for International Road Transport”

What Is an Air Waybill (AWB)? An Air Waybill (AWB) is the primary transport document used for international air cargo shipments. Issued by an airline or an authorized air cargo agent, the AWB contains essential information about the shipment, including the shipper, consignee, cargo details, routing, and transportation instructions. Unlike some sea freight documents, an …

Read more “Air Waybill (AWB): Complete Guide for International Air Freight”

What Is a Packing List? A Packing List is a shipping document that provides detailed information about how goods are packed for transportation. Unlike a Commercial Invoice, which focuses on the financial transaction, the Packing List describes the physical characteristics of the shipment. It helps customs authorities, freight forwarders, warehouses, and receivers identify and verify …

Read more “Packing List in International Shipping: Why It Matters for Customs Clearance”

What Is a Commercial Invoice? A Commercial Invoice is one of the most important documents in international trade. It is issued by the seller to the buyer and provides detailed information about the goods being sold. Customs authorities use the commercial invoice to verify shipment details, assess customs duties and taxes, and support customs clearance …

Read more “Commercial Invoice in International Trade: Complete Guide for Importers and Exporters”

What Is a Bill of Lading? A Bill of Lading (B/L) is one of the most important documents used in international sea freight. It is issued by the carrier or its authorized agent and serves multiple functions during the transportation process. The Bill of Lading confirms that the carrier has received the cargo, outlines the …

Read more “Bill of Lading (B/L): Everything You Need to Know in International Shipping”

What Is a Certificate of Origin? A Certificate of Origin (CO) is an official document that identifies the country in which goods were produced, manufactured, or substantially transformed. Customs authorities in many countries use the Certificate of Origin to determine the applicable customs treatment, verify the origin of goods, and apply trade agreements or trade …

Read more “Certificate of Origin: Complete Guide for International Trade”

What Is Customs Documentation? Customs documentation refers to the collection of commercial, transportation, and regulatory documents required for importing, exporting, or transporting goods across international borders. Accurate documentation is essential for customs clearance in Turkey. Missing or incorrect documents may result in shipment delays, additional inspections, or compliance issues. Every international shipment should be supported …

Read more “Customs Documentation in Turkey: Essential Documents for Import and Export”

What Is a Customs Declaration? A customs declaration is the official submission of information about imported, exported, or transit goods to the customs authorities. The declaration provides essential details about the shipment, including the nature of the goods, their value, origin, destination, transportation method, and applicable customs procedure. In Turkey, customs declarations are a fundamental …

Read more “Customs Declaration in Turkey: Everything You Need to Know”

What Is Temporary Export? Temporary export is a customs procedure that allows goods to leave Turkey for a specific purpose and later return without being permanently exported. This procedure is commonly used when products need to be sent abroad for exhibitions, trade fairs, repairs, maintenance, testing, demonstrations, or professional projects. The applicable customs treatment depends …

Read more “Temporary Export from Turkey: A Complete Guide for Businesses”